Technology in the Development of Societies: la pelota, las herramientas y time expressions (Inglés 1)
Actualizado el 5 min de lectura 23 ejercicios resueltos
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Many centuries ago, the ball game had a religious meaning. Nowadays, everybody plays with balls. Next month, we will open a gallery. Para decir cuándo pasa algo en inglés usamos time expressions, y cada una va con un tiempo verbal. En este proyecto jugarás boliche con botellas, investigarás la historia de la pelota y montarás una galería.
En tu libro: este proyecto está en las páginas 88 a 95 de Uérakua anapu uantakua. Projects and Readings. First Grade (SEP).
De qué trata el proyecto
Empieza con un boliche hecho con diez botellas rellenas de arena y pelotas de distintos tamaños. Después del juego se reflexiona: ¿qué fue más importante, la fuerza o la precisión?, ¿le delegamos una función de nuestro cuerpo a la pelota?
Los seres humanos delegan funciones del cuerpo en herramientas, máquinas e instrumentos para hacer el trabajo con menos esfuerzo. La pelota es un buen ejemplo: se usaba en Grecia, Roma, China, Japón y Mesoamérica, donde el juego de pelota era también un ritual religioso. Hoy se fabrica con máquinas y materiales nuevos, y se usa en deportes, en terapia y en rehabilitación.
El producto final es una galería de pelotas con pelotas viejas y nuevas, hechas a mano y de fábrica, fotos, herramientas e historias.
Vocabulario del proyecto
| English | Español | Ejemplo |
|---|---|---|
| ball | pelota | The ball has been used since ancient times. |
| tool | herramienta | A hammer is a simple tool. |
| machine | máquina | Machines help us do work with less effort. |
| strength | fuerza | Do you need strength or precision to knock the bottles down? |
| bowling | boliche | We made a bowling game with plastic bottles. |
| gallery | galería | We set up a gallery of old and new balls. |
Gramática: time expressions
| Tiempo | Time expressions | Ejemplos |
|---|---|---|
| Presente | nowadays, today, this summer, this time, at the moment, right now, on Mondays, always, usually, never | Nowadays everybody has a cell phone. Do you plan to visit your grandma this summer? |
| Pasado | yesterday, a week ago, two days ago, an hour ago, 10 years ago, last night, last weekend, last Monday, last Christmas | I saw her two days ago. Last Christmas I didn’t get any presents. |
| Futuro | next week, next month, next time, next Friday, later, tomorrow | I will start my diet tomorrow. Next time, I’m going to practice more. |
Ojo con el orden:
-
ago va después de la cantidad de tiempo: two days ago (no ago two days).
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last y next van antes: last Monday, next month (sin the).
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I saw her two days ago and she was fine.
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Next month, we will visit our grandparents.
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Nowadays, classes are very different.
Ejercicios del libro resueltos
Página 94
Ejercicio 1: completa con la time expression correcta
a) month, my family and I played baseball with our neighbors. It was fun.
b) I’m finishing my homework, so I can go out to play football.
c) I’m not feeling very well . I think I’ve got the flu.
d) Are you going to see our school’s volleyball team match Saturday?
e) A minute you were very happy, but now you look terrible!
Ver respuestas
a) Last month, my family and I played baseball with our neighbors. It was fun.
b) Right now I’m finishing my homework, so I can go out later to play football.
c) I’m not feeling very well today. I think I’ve got the flu.
d) Are you going to see our school’s volleyball team match next Saturday?
e) A minute ago you were very happy, but now you look terrible!
Ejercicio 2: elige la time expression
a) Many centuries (later/next/ago), the ball game had a religious meaning for some Mesoamerican societies.
b) (next/last/ago) Monday we set up an exhibition on the history of balls at school.
c) We will present another project about Indigenous communities (next/later/nowadays) month.
d) Everybody was excited about the gallery we will open (ago/last/later) this week.
e) My dad says that (later/ago/nowadays) classes are very different from those in his school days.
f) (tomorrow/next/this), my class will visit a factory.
Ver respuestas
a) Many centuries ago (later/next/ago), the ball game had a religious meaning for some Mesoamerican societies.
b) Last (next/last/ago) Monday we set up an exhibition on the history of balls at school.
c) We will present another project about Indigenous communities next (next/later/nowadays) month.
d) Everybody was excited about the gallery we will open later (ago/last/later) this week.
e) My dad says that nowadays (later/ago/nowadays) classes are very different from those in his school days.
f) Tomorrow (tomorrow/next/this), my class will visit a factory.
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Ejercicio 3: elige la time expression
a) 65,000,000 years , an asteroid fell over the peninsula of Yucatán.
b) I answered my final exams of math and English week. They were very easy.
c) month my family and I will visit my grandparents in Puebla.
d) My dad is not working . He got fired last week.
e) My teacher says that students are very disrespectful .
f) morning my teacher is going to take us to the museum.
g) I watched a horror film , but it was so scary that I had nightmares.
Ver respuestas
a) 65,000,000 years ago, an asteroid fell over the peninsula of Yucatán.
b) I answered my final exams of math and English last week. They were very easy.
c) Next month my family and I will visit my grandparents in Puebla.
d) My dad is not working at the moment. He got fired last week.
e) My teacher says that students are very disrespectful nowadays.
f) Tomorrow morning my teacher is going to take us to the museum.
g) I watched a horror film last night, but it was so scary that I had nightmares.
Dato: el asteroide de Chicxulub cayó hace unos 66 millones de años, según las mediciones más recientes; la cifra de 65 millones del libro es la estimación que se usaba antes.
Practica más
Elige la correcta
Ver respuestas
I visited Oaxaca two years ago.
We will travel to the beach next summer.
Nowadays, people use phones to take photos.
Comprueba lo aprendido
1. ¿Qué tiempo verbal va con «yesterday», «last week» y «ago»?
El pasado: I played soccer yesterday, We went to the museum last week, I saw her two days ago.
2. ¿Qué significa «delegar funciones» en la tecnología? Da un ejemplo.
Que una herramienta o máquina hace una tarea que antes hacía nuestro cuerpo, con menos esfuerzo. Por ejemplo, una pelota «lleva» la fuerza de nuestro brazo para derribar los bolos, o una calculadora hace las cuentas por nosotros.
Practica con los ejercicios de esta unidad:
Ejercicios de inglés 1: De lo humano y lo comunitario
Temas relacionados: Tecnología, máquinas simples y la pelota (Libro de proyectos 1) y Something From Another World: simple past (Inglés 2).
Referencias
- Secretaría de Educación Pública (2025). Uérakua anapu uantakua. Projects and Readings. First Grade. Secondary. SEP, pp. 88-95.
- Murphy, R. (2019). English Grammar in Use (5.ª ed.). Cambridge University Press, unidades 11-12 y 120.
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